What is plaintext in my point of view:
Its simply text without any makeup or add-on, it is just an organic content. For example,

• A handwritten grocery list what our mother used to give to our father
• A To-Do List
• An essay/composition writing in our school days

Why plaintext is important?
– The quality of the content only going to get score here: there is no marketing by giving some beautification or formats.
– Less storage
– Ideal for long term data storage because Cross-Platform Compatibility
– Universal Accessibility. Many s/w using plain text for configuration files (.ini, .conf, .json)
– Data interchange (.csv – interchange data into databases or spreadsheet application)
– Command line environments, even in cryptography.
– Batch Processing: Many batch processes use plain text files to define lists of actions or tasks that need to be executed in a batch mode, such as renaming files, converting data formats, or running programs.

So plain text is simple, powerful and something special we have no doubt about it.

What is IRC?
IRC – Internet Relay Chat is a plain text based real time communication System over the internet for one-on-one chat, group chat, online community – making it ideal for discussion.

It’s a popular network for free and open-source software (FOSS) projects and developers in olden days. Ex. many large projects (like Debian, Arch Linux, GNOME, and Python) discussion used. Nowadays also IRC is using by many communities.

Usage :
Mainly a discussion chat forum for open-source software developers, technology, and hobbyist communities.

Why IRC?
Already we have so many chat platforms which are very advanced and I could use multimedia also there. So this is very basic, right?

Yes it is very basic, but the infrastructure of this IRC is not like other chat platforms. In my point of view the important differences are privacy and decentralized.

Advantages over other Chat Platforms:

• No Ads Or Popups: We are not distracted from other ads or popups because my information are not passed to any company to track my needs and give marketing.
• Privacy: Many IRC networks does not need your email or mobile number or even registration. Simply you can type your name or nick name, select your server and start chat instantly. Chat Logs also getting stored if required.
• Open Source and Free: Server, Client – the entire networking model is free and open source. Anybody can install the IRC servers/clients and connect with the network.
• Decentralized : As servers are decentralized, it could able to work even one server has some issues and it is down. Users can connect to different servers within the same network which is improving reliability and performance.
• Low Latency: Its a free real time communication system with low latency which is very important for technical communities and time sensitive conversations.
• Customization and Extensibility: Custom scripts can be written to enhance functionality and IRC supports automation through bots which can record chats, sending notification or moderating channels, etc.
• Channel Control: Channel Operators (Group Admin) have fine control over the users like who can join, who can be kicked off.
• Light Weight Tool: As its light weight no high end hardware required. IRC can be accessed from even older computers or even low powered devices like Rasberry Pi.
• History and Logging: Some IRC Servers allow logging of chats through bots or in local storage.

Inventor
IRC is developed by Jarkko Oikarinen (Finland) in 1988.

Some IRC networks/Servers:
Libera.Chat(#ubuntu, #debian, #python, #opensource)
EFNet-Eris Free Network (#linux, #python, #hackers)
IRCnet(#linux, #chat, #help)
Undernet(#help, #anime, #music)
QuakeNet (#quake, #gamers, #techsupport)
DALnet- for both casual users and larger communities (#tech, #gaming, #music)

Some Clients-GUI
HexChat (Linux, macOS, Windows)
Pidgin (Linux, Windows)
KVIrc (Linux, Windows, macOS)

Some IRC Clients for CLI (Command Line Interface) :
WeeChat
Irssi

IRC Clients for Mobile :
Goguma
Colloquy (iOS)
LimeChat (iOS)
Quassel IRC (via Quassel Core) (Android)
AndroIRC (Android)

Directly on the Website – Libera WebClient – https://web.libera.chat/gamja/You can click Join, then type the channel name (Group) (Ex. #kaniyam)

How to get Connected with IRC:
After installed the IRC client, open.
Add a new network (e.g., “Libera.Chat”).
Set the server to irc.libera.chat (or any of the alternate servers above).
Optionally, you can specify a port (default is 6667 for non-SSL, 6697 for SSL).
Join a channel like #ubuntu, #python, or #freenode-migrants once you’re connected.

Popular channels to join on libera chat:
#ubuntu, #debian, #python, #opensource, #kaniyam

Local Logs:
Logs are typically saved in plain text and can be stored locally, allowing you to review past conversations.
How to get local logs from our System (IRC libera.chat Server)
folders – /home//.local/share/weechat/logs/ From Web-IRCBot History:
https://ircbot.comm-central.org:8080/

References:
https://kaniyam.com/what-is-irc-an-introduction/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CGurYNb0BM8

Our daily meetings :
You can install IRC client, with the above link help, can join.
Timings : IST 8pm-9pm
Server : libera.chat
Channel : #kaniyam

ALL ARE WELCOME TO JOIN, DISCUSS and GROW

Dinesh, an avid movie collector and music lover, had a growing problem. His laptop was bursting at the seams with countless movies, albums, and family photos. Every time he wanted to watch a movie or listen to her carefully curated playlists, he had to sit around his laptop. And if he wanted to share something with his friends, it meant copying with USB drives or spending hours transferring files.

One Saturday evening, after yet another struggle to connect his laptop to his smart TV via a mess of cables, Dinesh decided it was time for a change. He needed a solution that would let his access all his media from any device in his house – phone, tablet, and TV. He needed a media server.

Dinesh fired up his browser and began his search: “How to stream media to all my devices.” He gone through the results – Plex, Jellyfin, Emby… Each option seemed promising but felt too complex, requiring subscriptions or heavy installations.

Frustrated, Dinesh thought, “There must be something simpler. I don’t need all the bells and whistles; I just want to access my files from anywhere in my house.” He refined her search: “lightweight media server for Linux.”

There it was – MiniDLNA. Described as a simple, lightweight DLNA server that was easy to set up and perfect for home use, MiniDLNA (also known as ReadyMedia) seemed to be exactly what Dinesh needed.

MiniDLNA (also known as ReadyMedia) is a lightweight, simple server for streaming media (like videos, music, and pictures) to devices on your network. It is compatible with various DLNA/UPnP (Digital Living Network Alliance/Universal Plug and Play) devices such as smart TVs, media players, gaming consoles, etc.

How to Use MiniDLNA

Here’s a step-by-step guide to setting up and using MiniDLNA on a Linux based system.

1. Install MiniDLNA

To get started, you need to install MiniDLNA. The installation steps can vary slightly depending on your operating system.

For Debian/Ubuntu-based systems:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install minidlna

For Red Hat/CentOS-based systems:

First, enable the EPEL repository,

sudo yum install epel-release

Then, install MiniDLNA,

sudo yum install minidlna

2. Configure MiniDLNA

Once installed, you need to configure MiniDLNA to tell it where to find your media files.

a. Open the MiniDLNA configuration file in a text editor

sudo nano /etc/minidlna.conf

b. Configure the following parameters:

• media_dir: Set this to the directories where your media files (music, pictures, and videos) are stored. You can specify different media types for each directory.

media_dir=A,/path/to/music  # 'A' is for audio
media_dir=V,/path/to/videos # 'V' is for video
media_dir=P,/path/to/photos # 'P' is for pictures

• db_dir=: The directory where the database and cache files are stored.

db_dir=/var/cache/minidlna

• log_dir=: The directory where log files are stored.

log_dir=/var/log/minidlna

• friendly_name=: The name of your media server. This will appear on your DLNA devices.

friendly_name=Laptop SJ

• notify_interval=: The interval in seconds that MiniDLNA will notify clients of its presence. The default is 900 (15 minutes).

notify_interval=900

c. Save and close the file (Ctrl + X, Y, Enter in Nano).

3. Start the MiniDLNA Service

After configuration, start the MiniDLNA service

sudo systemctl start minidlna

To enable it to start at boot,

sudo systemctl enable minidlna

4. Rescan Media Files

To make MiniDLNA scan your media files and add them to its database, you can force a rescan with

sudo minidlnad -R

5. Access Your Media on DLNA/UPnP Devices

Now, your MiniDLNA server should be up and running. You can access your media from any DLNA-compliant device on your network:

• On your Smart TV, look for the “Media Server” or “DLNA” option in the input/source menu.
• On a Windows PC, go to This PC or Network and find your DLNA server under “Media Devices.”
• On Android, use a media player app like VLC or BubbleUPnP to find your server.

6. Check Logs and Troubleshoot

If you encounter any issues, you can check the logs for more information

sudo tail -f /var/log/minidlna/minidlna.log

To setup for a single user

Disable the global daemon

sudo service minidlna stop
sudo update-rc.d minidlna disable

Create the necessary local files and directories as regular user and edit the configuration

mkdir -p ~/.minidlna/cache
cd ~/.minidlna
cp /etc/minidlna.conf .
$EDITOR minidlna.conf

Configure as you would globally above but these definitions need to be defined locally

db_dir=/home/$USER/.minidlna/cache
log_dir=/home/$USER/.minidlna 

To start the daemon locally

minidlnad -f /home/$USER/.minidlna/minidlna.conf -P /home/$USER/.minidlna/minidlna.pid

To stop the local daemon

xargs kill </home/$USER/.minidlna/minidlna.pid

To rebuild the database,

minidlnad -f /home/$USER/.minidlna/minidlna.conf -R

For more info: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MiniDLNA

Additional Tips

• Firewall Rules: Ensure that your firewall settings allow traffic on the MiniDLNA port (8200 by default) and UPnP (typically port 1900 for UDP).
• Update Media Files: Whenever you add or remove files from your media directory, run minidlnad -R to update the database.
• Multiple Media Directories: You can have multiple media_dir lines in your configuration if your media is spread across different folders.

To set up MiniDLNA with VLC Media Player so you can stream content from your MiniDLNA server, follow these steps:

Let’s see how to use this in VLC

On Machine

1. Install VLC Media Player

Make sure you have VLC Media Player installed on your device. If not, you can download it from the official VLC website.

2. Open VLC Media Player

Launch VLC Media Player on your computer.

3. Open the UPnP/DLNA Network Stream

1. Go to the “View” Menu:
   • On the VLC menu bar, click on View and then Playlist or press Ctrl + L (Windows/Linux) or Cmd + Shift + P (Mac).
2. Locate Your DLNA Server:
   • In the left sidebar, you will see an option for Local Network.
   • Click on Universal Plug'n'Play or UPnP.
   • VLC will search for available DLNA/UPnP servers on your network.
3. Select Your MiniDLNA Server:
   • After a few moments, your MiniDLNA server should appear under the UPnP section.
   • Click on your server name (e.g., My DLNA Server).
4. Browse and Play Media:
   • You will see the folders you configured (e.g., Music, Videos, Pictures).
   • Navigate through the folders and double-click on a media file to start streaming.

4. Alternative Method: Open Network Stream

If you know the IP address of your MiniDLNA server, you can connect directly:

1. Open Network Stream:
   • Click on Media in the menu bar and select Open Network Stream... or press Ctrl + N (Windows/Linux) or Cmd + N (Mac).
2. Enter the URL:
   • Enter the URL of your MiniDLNA server in the format http://[Server IP]:8200.
   • Example: http://192.168.1.100:8200.
3. Click “Play”:
   • Click on the Play button to start streaming from your MiniDLNA server.

5. Tips for Better Streaming Experience

• Ensure the Server is Running: Make sure the MiniDLNA server is running and the media files are correctly indexed.
• Network Stability: A stable local network connection is necessary for smooth streaming. Use a wired connection if possible or ensure a strong Wi-Fi signal.
• Firewall Settings: Ensure that the firewall on your server allows traffic on port 8200 (or the port specified in your MiniDLNA configuration).

On Android

To set up and stream content from MiniDLNA using an Android app, you will need a DLNA/UPnP client app that can discover and stream media from DLNA servers. Several apps are available for this purpose, such as VLC for Android, BubbleUPnP, Kodi, and others. Here’s how to use VLC for Android and BubbleUPnP, two popular choices

Using VLC for Android

1. Install VLC for Android:
   • Download and install the VLC app from the Google Play Store.
2. Open VLC for Android:
   • Launch the VLC app on your Android device.
3. Access the Local Network:
   • Tap on the menu button (three horizontal lines) in the upper-left corner of the screen.
   • Select Local Network from the sidebar menu.
4. Find Your MiniDLNA Server:
   • VLC will automatically search for DLNA/UPnP servers on your local network. After a few moments, your MiniDLNA server should appear in the list.
   • Tap on the name of your MiniDLNA server (e.g., My DLNA Server).
5. Browse and Play Media:
   • You will see your media folders (e.g., Music, Videos, Pictures) as configured in your MiniDLNA setup.
   • Navigate to the desired folder and tap on any media file to start streaming.

Additional Tips

• Ensure MiniDLNA is Running: Make sure your MiniDLNA server is properly configured and running on your local network.
• Check Network Connection: Ensure your Android device is connected to the same local network (Wi-Fi) as the MiniDLNA server.
• Firewall Settings: If you are not seeing the MiniDLNA server in your app, ensure that the server’s firewall settings allow DLNA/UPnP traffic.

Some Problems That you may face

1. minidlna.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=255/EXCEPTION - check the logs. Mostly its due to an instance already running on port 8200. Kill that and reload the db. lsof -i :8200 will give PID. and `kill -9 <PID>` will kill the process.
2. If the media files is not refreshing, then try minidlnad -f /home/$USER/.minidlna/minidlna.conf -R or `sudo minidlnad -R`